HERBERT MATTER
TRANSLATING THE MODERNIST SOUL
Mark S. Reeve
Mark S. Reeve: HERBERT MATTER: TRANSLATING THE MODERNIST SOUL. Baltimore, MD: Company Time Graphics, 1994. First edition. Quarto. Photo illustrated wrappers. 120 pp. 15 color images and 139 black and white reproductions. INSCRIBED by author on title page. Heavily inked wrappers rubbed and mildly shelfworn., but a very good copy. Rare.
8.5 x 10.75-inch softcover book with 120 pages and 15 color images and 139 black and white reproductions of Matter’s work from his early years in Europe to his American work, including NYC publishing, his West Coast stint in the Eames Office, corporate identity for Knoll and the New Haven Railroad, and more.
Herbert Matter (1907 – 1984) was born in Engelberg, a Swiss mountain village, where exposure to the treasure of one of the two finest medieval graphic art collections in Europe was unavoidable. In 1925, he attended the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Genf, but after two years, the allure of modernism beckoned him to Paris. There, the artist attended the Academie Moderne under the tutelage of Fernand Leger and Amédée Ozenfant.
In Europe during the late Twenties and early Thirties, a new language was born -- a combination of journalism, manipulated photography and the rebellion of the confines of the typesetters case, all in the service of selling everything from ideas to political and social ideologies.
Inspired by the work of El Lissitzky and Man Ray, Matter began to experiment with his Rollei camera as both a design tool and an expressive form—a relationship that never ended. In 1929, his entry into graphic design was completed when he was hired as a designer/photographer for Deberny and Piegnot. There he learned the nuances of fine typography, while he assisted A. M. Cassandre and Le Corbusier. Matter's Paris years ended in 1932, when he was expelled from France for not having the proper papers. He returned to Swizerland where he created a series of iconic posters for the Swiss Tourist Office.
Matter came to America in 1936. He was offered roundtrip passage to the United States as payment for work with a Swiss ballet troupe. He spoke no English, yet traveled across the United States. When the tour was over, he decided to remain in New York. At the urging of a friend who worked at the Museum of Modern Art, Matter went to see Alexey Brodovitch, who had been collecting the Swiss travel posters (two of which were hanging on Brodovitch's studio wall). Matter soon began taking photographs for Harper's Bazaar and Saks Fifth Avenue. Later, he affiliated himself with a photographic studio, "Studio Associates," located near the Condé Nast offices, where he produced covers and inside spreads for Vogue.
The Composing Room’s Percy Seitlin recalled “A young man by the name of Herbert Matter had just arrived in this country from Switzerland with a bagful of ski posters and photgraphs of snow covered mountains. Also came camera portraits and various specimens of his typographic work. We decided to let him hang some of his things on the walls and gave him a party . . . the result was a crowd of almost bargain-basement dimensions, and thirsty too. Everyone was excited by the audacity and skill of Matter's work."
During World War II, Matter made striking posters for Container Corporation of America. In 1944, he became the design consultant at Knoll, molding its graphic identity for over 12 years. As Alvin Eisenman, head of the Design Department at Yale and long-time friend, points out: "Herbert had a strong feeling for minute details, and this was exemplified by the distinguished typography he did for the Knoll catalogues."
"Herbert's background is fascinating and enviable," said Paul Rand. "He was surrounded by good graphics and learned from the best." Therefore, it is no wonder that the famed posters designed for the Swiss Tourist Office soon after his return had the beauty and intensity of Cassandre and the geometric perfection of Corbu, wed to a very distinctive personal vision.
In 1952, he was asked by Eisenman to join the Yale faculty as professor of photography and graphic design. "He was a marvelous teacher," says Eisenman. "His roster of students included some of the most important names in the field today." At Yale, he tried his hand at architecture, designing studio space in buildings designed by Louis Kahn and Paul Rudolf. "He was good at everything he tried to do," continues Eisenman. In 1954, he was commissioned to create the corporate identity for the New Haven Railroad. The ubiquitous "NH" logo, with its elongated serifs, was one of the most identifiable symbols in America.